...Traditionally, the CCRB defers allegations of profiling and bias-based policing to the NYPD’s Internal Affairs Bureau. But with over 3,400 complaints filed between 2014 to 2021, only four were substantiated. Samah Sisay, a Bertha Justice Fellow at the Center for Constitutional Rights, says there’s a natural assumption that watchdogs like the CCRB exist to investigate racial bias and profiling. In fact, the organization was originally established by the NYPD due to public demands for police oversight after repeated misconduct against Black and Puerto Rican New Yorkers back in 1953. ...

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